Art 100    
Art Appreciation    
 
Lecture and Reading Notes
Chapter 20: Late Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
 
Key Images
Jacques-Louis David.  Oath of the Horattii.  1784.
Francisco de Goya.  The Third of May 1808.  1814.
Eugene Delacroix.  The Death of Sardanapalus.  1827.
Gustave Courbet.  The Stone Breakers.  1849.
Edouard Manet. Luncheon on the Grass. 1863.
Claude Monet. Impression Sunrise. 1872.
Georges Seurat.  A Sunday on La Grande Jatte.  1884 – 1886.
Vincent Van Gogh.  The Starry Night.  1889.
 

Key Terms

The Academy Impressionism

Realism
Avant-Garde Neoclassicism Romanticism
En Plein Air Photography The Salon
Expressionism Pointillism Salon Des Refuses

Formalism

Post-Impressionism



 
Questions to Consider
What three revolutions launched the period of great social and technological change we call the modern age?

What important shift in thought occurred during the Age of Reason?

What role did Jacques Louis David play in the French Revolution and the emergence of Neoclassicism?
What artistic style was Neoclassicism in direct opposition to? What basic beliefs did it hold?
For what reasons did an interest in landscape emerge in Europe and America during the 1800s?
What was so dissatisfying about art to the Realists, and how did they attempt to change this?
What important event occurred in 1874, and how did it change the course of western art history?
What was so controversial and unacceptable about Manet's Luncheon on the Grass 1863?
From where was the term "Impressionism" coined? Why did this group of artists adopt the term?
What Renaissance conventions did the Impressionists ignore?
What does the term "Post-Impressionism" refer to?
In what ways did the Post-Impressionists build upon and react to Impressionism?
What was important about Seurat's painting technique?
What elements of Impressionism particularly influenced Van Gogh?
What strong desire motivated Van Gogh?
What was Gauguin highly critical of? How did this influence his artwork?
How were Van Gogh and Gauguin's uses of color important influences on twentieth-century painting?
How did Gauguin set out to rejuvenate European art? How did Gauguin think of the artist? How did he think about art?
How did the invention of photography affect the direction of Western art?

As the nineteenth century progressed, what did artists seek to do? What was the artist's new task?