Art 100    
Art Appreciation    
 
Lecture and Reading Notes
Chapter 22: Between World Wars
 
Key Images
Marcel Duchamp. Fountain. 1917.
Meret Oppenheim. Object (Luncheon in Fur). 1936.
Pablo Picasso.  Guernica.  1937.
Frida Kahlo.  The Two Fridas.  1939.
 

Key Terms

Automatism

Sigmund Freud

 Regionalism
Dada Hitler Spanish Civil War
Francisco Franco Readymade Surrealism
 
Questions to Consider
How did World War I change the world and influence art?
What was Dadaism? What were Dada artists attacking and critiquing? What did Dadaists seek to do?
How is L.H.O.O.Q a "readymade art object?" What was Marcel Duchamp's purpose in creating it? Why is the artist so irreverent?
What is photomontage? How is it an extension of Cubism?
What were the Surrealists interested in making real? How does "automatism" relate to this goal? How did Freud's ideas influence the movement?
Why is Frida Kahlo's work associated with Surrealism? How is her biography important to her work?
Why is Cubism considered the most influential Modern art movement? What other movements did it influence?
What events inspired Picasso's Guernica 1937? How does he use symbolism to express his point of view?

Consider Picasso's statement, "painting is not done to decorate apartments. It is an instrument of war for attack and defense against the enemy." How does this statement reflect the kind of art Picasso, specifically, and Modern artists, afterward, created?
What is Social Realism? What countries supported social realist styles? Why were these styles supported over other styles?
What characterizes American art, particularly painting, of the 1930s?
What ideals did Thomas Hart Benson express? How did he view American and European art? Why did he feel it an important task to create an artistic style that was uniquely American?

How did the wide-scale emigration of European artists to America influence American art?