April 29
Early Modernism
Expressionism
= |
Vincent van Gogh. The Starry Night. 1889. |
general
term for art that emphasizes inner feelings and emotions over objective
depiction |
|
a modernist
art movement that was a manifestation of subjective feeling toward objective
reality and the world of imagination. Characterized by bold, vigorous
brushwork, emphatic line, and bright color. |
|
Impasto
= thick applications of pigment that give a painting a palpable surface
texture |
|
Vincent Van Gogh. The Artist's Bedroom at Arles. 1889. |
Van Gogh's
new way of seeing: |
Used color
symbolically, for personal expression
|
|
Exploited
new, manufactured colors |
|
Often worked
straight from the paint tube |
|
Distorted
forms |
|
Rapid brushwork |
|
Formalism
= the concept that a work's artistic value is entirely determined by
its form -- the way it is made, its purely visual aspects and its medium.
Formalism emphasizes compositional elements such as color, line, shape
and texture rather than realism, context and content
|
Alfred Stieglitz. The Steerage. 1907. |
"This
photographer is working in the same spirit as I am." - Pablo Picasso
in response to the Steerage |
|
Georges Seurat. A Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte. 1884 - 86.
divisionism
(pointilism) = style of painting in which non-primary colors are generated,
not by the mixing of pigments in the palette nor by using pigments directly,
but by the visual mixing of points of primary colors, placed in close
proximity to each other |
Detail
of Sunday on La Grande Jatte
Preble, Duane, Sarah Preble and Patrick Frank. Artforms. Seventh ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2002.
Paul
Cezanne. Mont Ste.-Victoire Seen from Bibemus Quarry. c. 1897 - 1900.
Preble, Duane, Sarah Preble and Patrick Frank. Artforms. Seventh ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2002.
Cezanne's
New Way of Seeing: |
Paul Cezanne. Still Life with Basket of Apples. 1890 - 94. |
Not a direct
representation of nature |
|
Geometric
approach to form |
|
Open,
un-blended brushstrokes |
|
Spatial
ambiguity |
|
Breaks
up space and form by looking at things from different angles, perspectives
and times of the day |
Historic
Context |
||
1900 |
Freud publishes "The Interpretation of Dreams" |
Sigmund Freud |
1903 |
Wright brother's
first flight |
|
1905 |
Einstein formulates theory of relativity | |
1912 |
Titanic sinks | |
1914 |
Henry Ford's Model-T plant opens |
|
1914 - 1918 |
World War
I |
|
1917 - 1920 |
Russian Revolution |
|
1920 |
Gandhi initiates peaceful protests in India aghainst British rule | |
1922 |
Formation
of the Soviet Union |
|
| Fascists under Benito Mussolini seize power in Italy | ||
1926 - 1953 |
Stalin control
the Soviet Union |
|
1929 |
Great Depression
begins |
|
1933 |
Hitler's Nazi
Party seizes power |
|
