May 4
Modern Developments

 

 

La Desserte

Henri Matisse.  La Desserte.  1897.
http://www.sharecom.ca/greenberg/images/mb12.jpg
Characteristics of 20th century art are the characteristics of the century itself:
Rapid change
Diversity
Individualism
Exploration
Several broad tendencies mark modern artists:
Tendency towards abstraction

Harmony in Red

Henri Matisse.  Harmony in Red.  1908 - 1909.
http://www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/~malek/Matisse/matisse16.jpg
Tendency to emphasize physical process involved in creation of the work
Continual questioning of the nature of art
Three main currents in art:
Expressionism
Abstraction
Fantasy

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fauvism 1905 - 1907

The Woman with the Hat

Henri Matisse. Woman with the Hat. 1905.
http://lh6.ggpht.com/_-zBuyzMKcMw/Rq7LzQS2aaI/AAAAAAAAAvo/5jnehuYkJQo/hat.jpg
les fauves = the wild beasts
 
fauvism = an early 20th century style of painting characterized by bright, contrasting color and simplified shapes
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Die Brucke 1905 - 1913

Street, Berlin

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. Street, Berlin. 1913.
Die Brucke = The Bridge
 
 
"Named for a passage in Friedrich Nietzsche's Thus Spake Zarathustra that spoke of contemporary humanity's potential to be the evolutionary bridge to a more perfect superman of the future." - Stokstad

 

 

 

 

 

 

Les Demoiselles D'Avignon

Pablo Picasso. Les Demoiselles D'Avignon. 1907.

 

 

 

 

 

 
Type of Women
Bakota Funerary Figure. French Equatorial Africa. Probably 20th century. Etoumbi Mask. French Congo.
Preble, Duane, Sarah Preble and Patrick Frank. Artforms. Seventh ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2002.
Edmond Fortier. Type of Women, West Africa. 1906.
Hirsch, Robert. Seizing the Light: A History of Photography. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2000.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cubism = an influential style of the 20th century developed by Picasso and Braque, beginning in 1907.   Based on the simultaneous presentation of multiple views, disintegration, and geometric reconstruction of subjects in flattened, ambiguous pictorial space.

Houses at L'Estaque

Georges Braque. Houses at L'Estaque. 1908.
 
 
Basic objectives of Cubism:
To depict three dimensional forms from all sides at once
To show objects as the mind, rather than the eye perceives them

 

 

 

 

 

 

Two phases of Cubism:
Analytic Cubism
analyzes the form of an object by shattering it into fragments that are spread out onto the canvas

Georges Braque. The Portuguese. 1911.
Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages. (Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996) Tenth ed., 1049.
simultaneity of vision

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pablo Picasso. The Violin. 1913.
Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages.
(Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996) Tenth ed., 1049.
Synthetic Cubism
involves a process of building up and synthesizing unrelated bits and pieces to create a unified form
metamorphosis

 

 

 

 

 

 

Still Life with Chair Caning

Pablo Picasso. Still Life with Chair Caning. 1911 - 12.
Richard G. Tansey and Fred S. Kleiner, Gardner's Art Through the Ages. (Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996) Tenth ed., 1049.