April 17
Nineteenth Century

 

 

Test Results
 
 
Number of students earning grade
 
 
Exam #1
Exam #2
A
50 - 45 points
6
6
B
44 - 40 points
8
9
C
39 - 35 points
5
2
D
34 - 30 points
4
1
F
29 - 0 points
5
5
  Highest Score
49
50
  Lowest Score
13
13

 

 

 

 

 

Significant Changes in the 19th Century
Industrial Revolution 1760 - 1830
Rural poor move to new factory towns in search of employment
Growth of cities
Growth of capitalism
Numerous reform movements
Worker's and tenant's rights movements in Europe and America
Women's Suffrage movement
Abolitionist movement
Numerous inventions improve daily life
Telegraph
Telephone
Radio
Electric lights
Medical advancements dramatically reduce death rate
Vaccines
Pasteurization
Antiseptics
Sterilization methods
Science continues to challenge religious beliefs
Geologists conclude that Earth is much older than 6,000 years
Darwin proposes that all life evolved from common ancestor
   
1793 Louvre opened as first public museum David becomes its first director

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jacques- Louis David. Napoleon in His Study. 1812.

 

 

 

 

Jacques-Louis David. Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard. 1800-01.

 

 

Another version of Napoleon Crossing the Alps

 

 

 

 

 

 

Romanticism = General term used to describe late 18th century to early 19th century trend in art that stressed strong emotion and emphasized imagination
 
key principles = freedom and individuality
"I am like no one in the whole world. I may be no better, at least I am different." - Rousseau
 
 
Characteristics of Romantic painting:
Loose, fluid brushwork
Strong colors
Expressive poses and gestures
Drew on literary sources
Often engaged in social criticism

 

 

 

 

 

 

Antoine-Jean Gros. Napoleon in the Plague House at Jaffa. 1804.

 

 

Romantic elements:
Dramatic lighting and emotional stimulation
Suffering and death
Personal heroism
Allure of distant places

 

 

 

 

 

 

Francisco Goya
1746 - 1824

 

 

Francisco Goya. The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters. 1796 -98.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Francisco Goya. Family of Charles IV. 1800.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Francisco Goya. The Second of May, 1808. 1814.

 

 

Francisco Goya. Third of May 1808. 1814 - 15.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Neoclassicism
Romanticism

Oath of the Horatii

Third of May 1808
Jacques-Louis David. Oath of the Horatii. 1784 - 85.
Francisco Goya. Third of May 1808. 1814 -15.
Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. Revised Second ed. Vol. 2. New York: Prentice Hall Inc., and Harry N. Abrams, 2005.