April 24
Nineteenth Century

 

 

Eugene Delacroix
1798-1863

 

 

Death of Sardanapalus

Eugene Delacroix. Death of Sardanapalus. 1827.
Tansey, Richard C. and Fred S. Kleine. Gardner's Art Through the Ages. Tenth ed. Vol. 2. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996. 2 vols.

 

 

Romantic characteristics:
Literary subject
Extreme emotion
Bold color
Quick brushwork

 

 

 

 

 

Greek War of Independence against Ottoman Empire 1821 - 1831

 

 

Scenes of the Massacre at Chios

Eugene Delacroix. Scenes from the Massacre at Chios. 1822 - 24.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ingres vs. Delacroix
Those who favored line favored Ingres
 Superb draftsmanship
Emphasis on line
Ideal form
Those who favored color favored Delacroix Supreme colorist
  Emphasis on drama and emotion
More painterly form

 

 

 

 

 

 
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. Odalisque with a Slave. 1839 - 40.
Eugene Delacroix. Women of Algiers. 1834.
Janson, H.W. and Anthony F. Janson. History of Art. Sixth ed. Vol. 2. University of North Carolina;
Prentice Hall inc., 2001. 2 vols.
  

 

 

 

Delacroix called the art of Ingres "the complete expression of an incomplete intellect"
Ingres instrumental in preventing Delacroix's election into Academeie des Beaux Arts until 1857

 

 

 

 

 

 

Romantic Landscape Painting
Romantic landscape painting generally took two forms:
The dramatic:
The naturalistic:
Emphasized turbulent or fantastic natural scenery
Presented closely observed images of tranquil nature
Aimed to stir viewer's emotions and arouse feeling of the sublime
Meant to communicate religious reverence of landscape
Sublime = tending to inspire awe because of outstanding spiritual, intellectual or moral worth
Intended to counteract effects of industrialization

 

 

 

 

 

 

Caspar David Friedrich
1774 - 1840

 

 

Wanderer Above a Sea of Mist

Caspar David Friedrich. Wanderer Above a Sea of Mist. c. 1818.

 

 

"Close your bodily eye, so that you may see your picture first with your spiritual eye then bring to the light of day that which you have seen in the darkness so that it may react on others from the outside inwards." - Friedrich

 

 

 

 

 

More Friedrich

 

 

 

 

 

John Constable
1776 - 1837

 

 

The White Horse

John Constable. The White Horse. 1819.

 

 

 

 

The Haywain

 

 

 

 

 

 

Joseph Mallard William Turner
1775 -1851

 

 

The Slave Ship

Joseph Mallard William Turner. The Slave Ship. 1840.
Tansey, Richard C. and Fred S. Kleine. Gardner's Art Through the Ages. Tenth ed. Vol. 2. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 1996. 2 vols.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps

Joseph Mallord William Turner. Snowstorm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps. 1812.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Snowstorm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps
Jacques Louis-David. Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard. 1800 -01.
Joseph Mallord William Turner. Snowstorm: Hannibal and His Army Crossing the Alps. 1812.

 

 

 

 

 

Thomas Cole
1801 - 1848

 

 

The Oxbow

Thomas Cole. The Oxbow. 1836.

 

 

"Before 1825, Americans considered nature menacing. The first thing colonial settlers did was burn or hack down vast tracts of virgin woods to make clearings for fields and villages. They admired nature only when it was tamed in plantations and gardens. After 1830, America's natural wonders became a bragging point as tides of settlers poured westward, pushing back frontiers, the wilderness became a symbol of America's unspoiled national character."