June 30
The Impact of the Hand-Held

 

 

Adam Clark Vroman
1856 -1916

 

Snake Priest, Hopi

Adam Vroman. The Snake Priest, Hopi. 1901.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adam Vroman.  Mary and Olla, Acoma. 
http://images.artnet.com/artwork_images_424158012_169342_adamclark-vroman.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adam Clark Vroman.  Hopi Maiden.
http://riishine.culturalstudios.org/images/hopimaiden.jpg

 

More of Vroman's Southwest Indian portraits

 

 

 

 

 

 
Bear Bull
Snake Priest, Hopi
Thomas Easterly.  Keokuk, Sauk Chief.  1847.
Marien, Mary Warner.  Photography: A cultural History.  2nd edition.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006.
Edward Curtis. Bear Bull-Blackfoot. From The North American Indian. 1926.
Adam Vroman. The Snake Priest, Hopi. 1901.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oscar G. Rejlander
1813 - 1875

 

Study of muscles in the face and emotion

Duchenne de Boulogne. Study of muscles in the face and emotion. 1852-56.
Koetzle, Hans-Michael. Photo Icons:  The Story Behind the Pictures . Volume 1.  Koln: Taschen, 2002.  2 vols.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pensive Young Girl

Oscar Rejlander.  Pensive Young Girl.  c. 1860.
http://www.geh.org/fm/rejlander/htmlsrc/m197202490002_jpg.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oscar G. Rejlander. Two Ways of Life. 1857. Albumen silver print. 16" X 31".
http://www.edinphoto.org.uk/0_p/0_photographs_in_exhibitions_rejlander_-_two_ways_of_life.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Women in center of Two Ways of Life
http://www.photogravure.com/photogravure_images/medium/Rejlander_01.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

separate negatives used in Two Ways of Life
http://www.cotianet.com.br/photo/great/Images/plus02/rejlander%20grafico.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

School of Athens

Raphael. School of Athens. c. 1510-11.
Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History. Revised Second ed. Vol. 2. New York: Prentice Hall Inc., and Harry N. Abrams Inc., 2005.

 

 

"I am tired of photography-for-the-public, particularly composite photographs, for there can be
no gain and there is no honour, only cavil and misrepresentation." - Oscar Rejlander in 1859

 

 

 

 

 

 

Henry Peach Robinson
1830 - 1901

 

Fading Away

Henry Peach Robinson. Fading Away. 1858. Albumen silver print.

 

 

Robinson's When the Day's Work is Done

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photographic Societies & Amateur Photo Clubs

 

1858 Photography Exhibition

1858 Photography exhibition
Bajac, Quentin. The Invention of Photography. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York. 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photographic societies provided:
Organized exhibitions of photographic works
Published magazines and newsletters with how-to information and scholarly discussion of theory
Community of people who believed and defended the artistic virtues of photography
Support and encouragement to the amateur and hobbyist

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lady Clementina Hawarden
1822 - 1865

 

Photographic Study

Lady Clementina Hawarden. Photographic Study. Early 1860s. Albumen silver print.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photographic Study

Lady Clementina Hawarden. Photographic Study. c. 1863.
Newhall, Beaumont. The History of Photography. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1982.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Daughters on a Balcony

Lady Clementina Hawarden. Daughters on a Balcony. c. 1865.
Higonnet, Anne. Pictures of Innocence: Tthe History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood. Thames and Hudson: London. 1998.

 

 

 

 

 

Lady Clementina Hawarden.  Clementina Maude.  c. 1862.
http://www.vam.ac.uk/images/image/25629-popup.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lady Clementina Hawarden.  Isabella Grace and Clementina Maude.  c. 1863.
http://www.vam.ac.uk/images/image/25701-popup.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julia Margaret Cameron
1815 - 1879

 

Two Women

Julia Margaret Cameron. Two Women.
Bajac, Quentin. The Invention of Photography. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., New York. 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julia Margaret Cameron.  Sir John Frederick William Herschel.  1867.  Albumen print.
http://www.metmuseum.org/TOAH/images/h2/h2_L.1997.84.6.jpg

Photographer Unknown. Sir John Frederick William Herschel. Date Unknown.
http://cache.viewimages.com/xc/3272595.jpg?v=1&c=ViewImages&k=2&d=
2C48553CC6AAB74CC188DA85C0E13BDEA55A1E4F32AD3138

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Kiss of Peace

Julia Margaret Cameron. The Kiss of Peace- G.G. Watts and Children. c. 1867.
Newhall, Beaumont. The History of Photography. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1982.

 

 

 

 

 

"Theory of Sacrifices"

Julia Margaret Cameron. Sappho.  c. 1866.
http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/cameron/images/841004.jpg
First written defense of photography as art
Critic Francis Wey declared that "truth in art does not lie in a ruthless and unintelligent copy of nature, but in a spiritual interpretation."
Called for photographers to interpret their subjects even if they had to sacrifice detail
 

 

 

More Cameron images

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julia Margaret Cameron.  Ellen Terry at Age 16.  1864.
http://content.answers.com/main/content/wp/en/4/4b/Ellen_Terry_at_age_16_by_Julia_Margaret_Cameron.jpg

  
"Hers are all taken purposely out of focus - some are very picturesque- some merely hideous- however, she talks of them as if they were triumphs of art." - Lewis Carroll
 
 
"What is focus- and who has the right to say what is the legitimate focus?  My aspirations are to enoble photography and to secure for it the character and uses of High Art by combining the real and the ideal." -Cameron

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Carroll
1832 - 1898

 

Lewis Carroll

Oscar Gustave Rejlander. Lewis Carroll. 1863. Albumen print.
Rosenblum, Naomi. A World History of Photography. Abbeville Press, New York. 1989.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alice Lidell and Sisters Edith and Lorina

Lewis Carroll. Alice Liddell and Sisters Edith and Lorina. c. 1859.
Higonnet, Anne. Pictures of Innocence: Tthe History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood. Thames and Hudson: London. 1998.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Carroll.  Alice Liddell.  1858.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oscar Rejlander.  Night in Town.  c. 1860.
http://www.geh.org/fm/rejlander/m198400810001.jpg

Beggar Maid

Lewis Carroll. Alice Liddell as The Beggar Maid. c. 1859.
http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2005/03/16/arts/MET.slide.1.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Julia Margaret Cameron.  Alice Liddell as Young Woman.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Alice_Liddell_as_a_young_woman.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Carroll.  Irene MacDonald.  1863.
source unknown

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Carroll.  Irene MacDonald.  1863.
http://www.nationalgalleries.org/media_collection/6/PGP%20189.21.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

Reclining Nude

Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carroll). Reclining Nude. 1879.
Higonnet, Anne. Pictures of Innocence: Tthe History and Crisis of Ideal Childhood. Thames and Hudson: London. 1998.

 

More Lewis Carroll photos

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kodak Girl

Artist Unknown.  The Kodak Girl.  c. 1910.
Marien, Mary Warner.  Photography: A cultural History.  Second edition.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

At a time when people were beginning to feel the alienating effects of modern urban living, the hand-held camera gave the individual a means of expression and a voice

Jacques-Henri Lartigue.  Bois De Boulogne.  c. 1890.

 

 

 

 

 

 

In 1888, George Eastman introduces the "Kodak" Hand-held Camera

http://www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/pic/1999/kodakadb.jpg

First Kodak Hand Held Camera
http://www.thispublicaddress.com/depression/images/kodak.gif

 

 

 

 

 

 

1891 Kodak releases transparent film
 
1900 first Brownie camera released
Cost $1
150,000 cameras sold the first year
 
images made by first Kodak hand-held cameras

 

 

 

 

 

Cow with Collar

Unknown Photographer. Untitled, Cow with collar and chain standing in front of a wooden fence. c. 1890s.

 

 

 

 

 

 

snapshot = to shoot instinctively without taking aim

 

Photo-Revolver de Poche c. 1882.
http://www.geh.org/fm/mees/htmlsrc/mE58300001_ful.html#topofimage

 

 

 

 

 

 

Snapshot introduced new ways of seeing:

Boy on Dock Pointing to Dog

Unknown Photographer. Untitled, Boy on dock pointing to dog standing on his legs. c. 1890.
Informal framing
Unbalanced compositions
Skewed angles
Strange perspectives
Banal subjects
Out-of-focus objects