Impact of the Hand-Held
The Terminal
Alfred Stieglitz.  The Terminal.  1892. Photogravure.
http://www.getty.edu/art/gettyguide/artObjectDetails?artobj=69300&handle=li
Reminder - Book Pagess 11 - 15 Due on Tuesday

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In 1888, George Eastman introduces the "Kodak #1 " Hand-held Camera
Sold for $25, more than $450 today
Included Eastman Kodak's newly patented transparent roll film
 
By 1898, an estimated 1.5 million roll-film cameras had been sold to amateurs

http://www.hfmgv.org/exhibits/pic/1999/kodakadb.jpg

Kodak #1 Camera
http://www.thispublicaddress.com/depression/images/kodak.gif

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brownie Camera ad

Kodak Brownie Ad. 1900.

1900 first Brownie camera released and is sold for $1
150,000 cameras sold the first year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kodak Girl

Artist Unknown.  The Kodak Girl.  c. 1910.
Marien, Mary Warner.  Photography: A cultural History.  Second edition.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

At a time when people were beginning to feel the alienating effects of modern urban living, the hand-held camera gave the individual a means of expression and a voice

Jacques-Henri Lartigue.  Bois De Boulogne.  c. 1890.
http://wolfeyebrows.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/jacques-henri-lartigue-3.jpg

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

circular snapshots

 

Beach photographer c. 1890
http://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalmediamuseum/2780165377/sizes/o/in/photostream/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Baby elephant at the zoo c. 1890
http://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalmediamuseum/2781021952/sizes/m/in/photostream/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

snapshot = to shoot instinctively without taking aim

 

Photo-Revolver de Poche c. 1882.
http://www.geh.org/fm/mees/htmlsrc/mE58300001_ful.html#topofimage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Snapshot introduced new ways of seeing:

Unknown Photographer. Two Young Girls. c. 1890.
http://rpkphoto.smugmug.com/Photo-History-1/The-Snapshot-Century/10323935_WVU6s/1/714942735_gP7eY#714942735_gP7eY-L-LB

Informal framing
Unbalanced compositions
Skewed angles
Strange perspectives
Banal subjects
Out-of-focus objects

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jacques-Henri Lartigue
1894 - 1988

 

Jacques-Henri Lartigue. My Hydro-glider with Propeller. 1904.
http://www.masters-of-photography.com/L/lartigue/lartigue_hydroglider_full.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jacques-Henri Lartigue.  My Cousin Bichonnade.  1905.
Marien, Mary Warner.  Photography: A cultural History.  Second edition.  Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Delaye Grand Prix

Jacques-Henri Lartigue. Delaye Grand Prix. 1912.
20th Century Photography Museum Ludwig Cologne. Taschen, Koln, 2005.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Organized social reform movements in America
that began during the late 19th century:

Suffrage parade in New York City, May 6, 1912.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Feminist_Suffrage_Parade_in_New_York_City%2C_1912.jpeg
Abolitionism
Woman's Suffrage Movement
Prohibition/ Temperance Movement
Public Education Reform Movement
 
Social documentary style emerged in the 19th century in response to:
Popular social reform movements
Continued interest in recording the wonders of the world
Availability and accessibility of the hand-held camera

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Jacob Riis
1849 - 1914

 

Lewis Hine.  Immigrants Going Down Gangplank.  1905.
source unkown

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bandit's Roost

Jacob Riis. Bandits' Roost, New York. 1888.
Newhall, Beaumont. The History of Photography. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1982.

 

muckraker = journalist who investigates and exposes societal issues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Italian Ragpicker

Jacob Riis. Home of an Italian Ragpicker, New York. 1888.
Newhall, Beaumont. The History of Photography. The Museum of Modern Art, New York. 1982.

 

How the Other Half Lives

More Jacob Riis Photographs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Riis consistently argued that the
"poor were the victims rather than the makers of their fate"

Jacob Riis.  Street Arabs.  c. 1880s.
 
Social Darwinism = belief that society's evolve like organisms and only the fit will survive, while the weak and unfit should be allowed to die and go extinct
An important aspect of this line of thinking was the belief that poverty was a just reward for sin
 
Social Uplift = belief that crime is an effect of
poverty rather than its cause

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Hine
1874 - 1940

 

Lewis Hine. Breaker Boys Working in Ewen Breaker of Pennsylvania Coal Co. 1911.
http://argenteditions.com/breaker-boys-working-ewen-breaker-pennsylvania-coal-p-23.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Hine. Francis Lance, Five Year Old Newsboy. 1910.
http://argenteditions.com/francis-lance-year-old-newsboy-p-24.html

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lewis Hine. Addie Card, Twelve Year Old Spinner in New England Mill . 1913.
http://www.wikinfo.org/index.php/File:AddieCard05282vLewisHine.jpg
1907 government inquiry revealed that at least 1,750,178 children between 10 and 15 years old were working in US factories
 
In cotton mills, almost 50% of the workers were an average of 10 years old
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oyster Openers

Lewis Hine. Oyster Openers. 1913.
20th Century Photography Museum Ludwig Cologne. Taschen, Koln, 2005.

 

"Hine exposed the myth that everyone could pull themselves up by their bootstraps and succeed in America." - Robert Hirsch

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Steelworker 85 Stories Up

Lewis Hine. Steelworker, 85 Stories Up. c. 1931.

 

"There were two things I wanted to do. I wanted to show the things that had to be corrected; I wanted to show the things that had to be appreciated" - Lewis Hine

 

 

Lewis Hine's Men at Work series